They happen after the organism has been born, and often lead to tumours and cancer (caused by carcinogens). Other types of mutations can be caused by mutagens, which mutate the DNA of a cell. It doesn't affect the DNA of every cell in the organism/ reproductive cells, so isn't passed on to offspring
A mutation in body cells is not a source of genetic variation because the variation was not caused by sexual reproduction. Mutations in body cells also normally aren't passed down.
That is a good question. In mitosis, you don't get regular genetic variation but chance mutations can occur. In meiosis with fertilization, you get pairing of DNA from different hosts on a regular basis. I would choose the latter.
In prokaryotes cell transformation is an alteration of the cell from the uptake, genomic incorporation, and expression of foreign genetic material.In eukaryotes this is called transfection. Transformation in eukaryotes is reserved to describe an alteration of the cell that results in a tumor cell phenotype.
Pretty much the same process that causes mutations in any organism. The replication of the genetic code is not perfect and copying mistakes are made where one bases is substituted for another, or a whole string of bases is shifted in a frame shift. Google ' mutation. '
Cells in a cell culture of similar genetic material are called clones. vectors can be the carriers of viruses . Plasmids are the extrachromosomal genetic material. Hybrids are the cells produced from the combination of two cells.
If the mutation happens in the germ cells, only then it wil be passed on to the offsprings. But, if it happens in some other cell, then it won't be. Such a mutation is Superficial. Like, if we cut the tail of a mouse, no change occurs in the germ cells. So the next generation will still be born with a tail.
Mutations can be a source of genetic
Mutating Cells can be a source of Cancer, but not necessarily. All mutating cells do not cause Cancer.
That is a good question. In mitosis, you don't get regular genetic variation but chance mutations can occur. In meiosis with fertilization, you get pairing of DNA from different hosts on a regular basis. I would choose the latter.
mutations recombination/crossing over in mammals
Mitosis is the part of the non sexual cells. These cells do not help reproduce anything with variation. When these cells replicate the replicate in the exact same way, remaining unchanged. this is the reason mitosis limits genetic variation.
No, not all mutations are passed on to children. Mutations can occur in the DNA of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) and if they are present in those cells, they can be passed on to the next generation. However, most mutations occur in non-reproductive cells and are not passed on to offspring.
Mutations in the genetic code that can be passed on to offspring occur in the gametes; the sperm and egg cells.
Nuclear radiation can cause genetic mutations in our DNA, which can cause cancers. If the genetic mutations occur in the germ cells, then our gametes (sperm and egg cells) could have genetic mutations that could be passed on to our offspring. Also, if radiation levels are high enough, people can get radiation sickness, which can be fatal.
Bacteria cells have their own genetic material.
it would get them high
the genetic makeup SHOULD be identical. some mutations can occur so they are not completely identical but these mutations are soo minute that they are often disregarded.
sex cells