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Heat travels in 3 ways. Conduction, convection and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of heat through collision of particles. Convection is the transfer of heat through the movements of particles (ie. hot particle rises, cold particle sinks). Vacuum is made up of nothing (when there is no particle, it is vacuum), and so, it is unable to transfer heat through conduction and convection at all, making it the best thermal insulator

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