How does a cartographer make a map?

Answer 1

In the past, a surveyor would go out with a team. One guy would hold a rope that was a set length and stand in place while another guy would ride as far out as he could on his horse. He would then mark where the rope stopped with a marker (metal or wood) and write down information on a piece of parchment (paper). After gathering as much information as possible, the surveyor would give the information to a draftsman, who would draw a map using ink (very difficult!) as well as some straight edges and measurement instruments.

Today, a person can take an aerial photograph of an area. They deliver the photograph to someone with computer and the right software (such as AutoCAD, which I use). The AutoCAD technician then finds a point on the aerial photo graph for which the latitude and longitude are known and plots it in the program. Then using something like a road or anything else for which the distance is known and is on the aerial photograph, the AutoCAD technician is able to scale the photograph to the correct size. Any symbols, community development plans, etc. can be made using the programing. Once complete, the AutoCAD technician can plot the map out using a printer.

Note: There are programs for making maps other than AutoCAD, but that is what I'm most familiar with.

Answer 2

A cartographer makes a map by gathering data, such as geographic information and features, and using specialized software or tools to create an accurate representation of the area on paper or digitally. They use principles of scale, projection, and symbols to convey information clearly and effectively to the map user.