There are numerous countries, all islands, which do not belong to any political continent. New Zealand, for example, does not belong to any continent, although there is a mistaken belief that it is part of Australia. New Zealand belongs to the region of Oceania which, despite being reported by some sites as a continent, is not a continent in the geographical sense.
North America.
Berlin is a city in Germany, which is located in the continent of Europe.
Asia. Syria is a country in Western Asia.
South America
Colombo, Sri Lanka is part of the continent of Asia.
Australia is both a country and a continent. The country of Australia belongs to the continent of Australia.
North America.
There are no countries on the Antarctic continent.
Israel is a country in Asia.
Singapore is an Asian country.
Berlin is a city in Germany, which is located in the continent of Europe.
The question is asked backwards. Japan is a country of the Asian continent (Asia). No continents "belong" to Japan.
Lesotho is an African country,or nation.
Asia. Syria is a country in Western Asia.
Lanzarote is the 4th largest island in the Canary Islands. It is volcanic in origin and about 125 kilometres from the nearest continent. It does not "belong" to any continent.
Erebus belongs to no country, nor does any part of the earth south of 60 degrees South latitude, which includes the continent of Antarctica.
Lake Huron belong to the country of: North America; Along the North Eastern part of the country of North America.