It is a foot deformity.
Signs and symptomsVitamin D deficiency is known to cause several bone diseases including:Rickets, a childhood disease characterized by impeded growth, and deformity, of the long bones. The earliest sign of subclinical vitamin D deficiency is Craniotabes, abnormal softening or thinning of the skull.Osteomalacia, a bone-thinning disorder that occurs exclusively in adults and is characterized by proximal muscle weakness and bone fragility.Osteoporosis, a condition characterized by reduced bone mineral density and increased bone fragility.Muscle aches and weakness (in particular proximal limb girdle)Muscle twitching (Fasciculations).The role of diet in the development of rickets was determined by Edward Mellanby between 1918-1920. In 1921 Elmer McCollum identified an anti-rachitic substance found in certain fats that could prevent rickets. Because the newly discovered substance was the fourth vitamin identified, it was called vitamin D. The 1928 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Adolf Windaus, who discovered the steroid 7-dehydrocholesterol, the precursor of vitamin D.Prior to the fortification of milk products with vitamin D, rickets was a major public health problem. In the United States, milk has been fortified with 10 micrograms (400 IU) of vitamin D per quart since the 1930s, leading to a dramatic decline in the number of rickets cases.Hypovitaminosis D is also considered a risk factor for the development of depressive symptoms in older persons.
Some common types of postural defects include kyphosis (excessive rounding of the upper back), lordosis (excessive inward curvature of the lower back), and scoliosis (sideways curvature of the spine). These defects can be caused by factors such as poor posture, muscle imbalances, structural issues, or certain medical conditions. Strengthening exercises, stretching, and proper ergonomics can help improve postural alignment.
Massage can be helpful for Scoliosis and Kyphosis, however, you must be sure to get yourself a masseuse that is familiar with Kyphosis, I use a masseuse that I trust and she knows I have Scoliosis and that she can only touch certain parts of my body - due to pain, over the last few years we have become very used to one another and I trust her completely.Treatment options for KyphosisTreatment Options1) Observe for progression: If there is a minimal curve present and they are still skeletally immature; If they are skeletally mature and symptomatic and not pushing for correction of a cosmetic deformity no prolonged follow-up is necessary.2) Postural exercises are often recommended however these have no scientific validation. Importantly they do no harm and do not dramatically affect the patient's lifestyle. Exercises include hamstring and pectoral stretching, postural awareness and trunk strengthening.3) Cast and/or bracing. This is often prolonged and psychologically traumatic for the patient. It also requires a lot of time, effort and resources.The Milwaukee brace was used in skeletally immature patients with a kyphosis of greater than 45 degrees. This requires a dedicated orthotist, regular assessment and alteration of the brace. Patients nearing the end of skeletal growth (Rissers sign) can be successfully treated with bracing unlike idiopathic scoliosis patients at this stage.The brace is ideally worn for 23 hours a day for the first year and then nighttime only for the second year. Patient compliance often reduces this to 16 hours per day. Modifications i.e. low profile neckpiece or an under arm corrective orthosis try to avoid the social stigma of a visible brace above the collar line. Bracing is rarely used nowadays as the treatment is often felt to be worse than the disease.The use of traction is minimal but has been used in the past prior to fitting the brace.4) Surgery. Indications: As progression in adulthood is rarely a problem the indications for surgery are not fixed. Typically patients, who are unhappy with their appearance, are skeletally mature and whose kyphosis measures at least 60 degrees can be considered for surgery. Importantly these patients must understand the magnitude of the surgery, the risks involved in even the most experienced hands and the likelihood that the kyphosis may not be able to be corrected to an unnoticeable degree. Surgical correction is not common for Scheuermann's kyphosis.Patients rarely present with neurological signs. Those that do should have surgery to correct their kyphosis after having MRI studies to out rule other causes or exacerbating factors. It should be noted that unlike cord compression from stenosis of the spinal canal, laminectomy has no alleviating effect.The 'Gold standard' for surgical correction of a thoracic kyphosis is anterior discectomy and grafting via a thoracotomy plus posterior spinal instrumentation. Initially treatment by posterior fusion and/or instrumentation had problems with long term stability. Rods fractured or bent and loss of correction occurred. Modern posterior instrumentation uses stiffer rods and segmental fixation. Anterior disc excision and grafting provides increased stability.
In talipes equinus, the foot points downward, similar to that of a toe dancer
Equinus
An "orthotic" is an adjective, not a noun, although some people tend to use it as such. It is an orthosis or an orthotic device. An orthosis is a device used to 1. correct deformity, 2. prevent further deformity, 3. Block motion across a joint. 4. Assist motion across a joint Is an orthosis a treatment for ankle equinus? An orthosis can be used as part of the treatment, it depends on the cause of the equinus. The condition might need physiotherapy or surgery or both and the orthosis can be used short term to assist in the progress of treatment. For example, if surgery has been carried out an orthosis might be used to maintain the foot in a certain position while the patient recovers from the surgery instead of using a plaster cast. If the patient has a muscle deficit, which is common after a stroke, the foot might be forced into equinus by the muscle imbalance in the lower leg. An orthosis can be used to hold the ankle in a neutral position which will allow the patient to ambulate more naturally. The orthosis can be sprung to assist the weakened musculature to restore function to the ankle. This could be a short term or a long term solution depending on the prognosis of the neurological dysfunction which is causing the symptoms. Also if the equinus is fixed, and not treatable, or surgery is not an option, perhaps the the degree of equinus is not severe, the orthosis can be used to accommodate the deformity, by filling in the gap between the heel and the ground (heel raise), a shoe can simply be modified to accomplish this task or insoles can be inserted into the shoe.
A deformity is a disfigurement.
The plural of deformity is deformities
The prefix of the word "deformity" is "de-".
Talipes equinus
she had a deformity of the hands and feet or deformity of bones and limbs
That would depend upon the species of fish and the level and type of deformity. If the deformity is genetic then the fish should not be bred. If the deformity is caused by environmental factors, then it could be bred, provided its deformity allows it to do so.
Scoliosis
looking for a word that means stunted as a result of deformity
A mutation can be called a deformity, because a mutation is passed on, it is like a gene being passed down the pedigree, and in the pedigree there can be a deformity that will be passed on to the next generation. :.