The state of Virginia had a population of 747,610 in 1790. This was the largest population of any of the 13 new states.
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South Carolina
The most populous U. S. state in 1790 was Virginia, with 691,737 people.
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The population of the USA state Wyoming was 332,416 in 1970.
There was no State of Illinois in 1790. Illinois became the 21st state in 1818. See related links for more info.
Since the southern states had slaves during this time period, one of the southern states such as Georgia, Alabama, or South Carolina would most likely have had the largest percent of African Americans at this time. In 1790, South Carolina had the largest African American population, at 43.7%. The numbers have since changed greatly -- the state which currently holds the title is Mississippi, at 37.3%.
New York has been the most populous city in the US since the first census was conducted in 1790.
The population of Georgia in 1790 was 82,548 people.
Florida's population in 1790 was unknown. Since it was not yet a state, no one counted. By 1830 it was 34,730.
New York City is the largest city in the U.S. based on population. New York City is located in New York State.