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AP Psychology

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Cards in this guide (12)
structuralism

an early branch of psychology started by Wilhelm Wundt, studies the structure of consciousness.

Wilhelm Wundt

founder of structuralist ideas.

introspection

the process of observing an object and recording the thoughts, sensations, and feelings. A key tool of structuralism.

functionalism

an early branch of psychology, takes influence from Darwin, founder: William James.

William James

founder of functionalism, also the first to publish a psychology textbook.

Margot Floy Washburn

the first woman to earn a PhD in psychology

Gestalt Psychology

a branch of psychology believing that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts", studies perceptions and against dividing into discrete parts.

psychoanalytic/psychodynamic

a perspective in psychology that believes behaviors can be explained with the unconscious mind/repressed memories. Criticized to be unscientific.

Sigmund Freud

founder of psychoanalytic perspective

behavioral

a perspective in psychology that believes in studying observable behaviors, dismisses introspection. John Watson and B.F. Skinner.

classical conditioning

Ivan Pavlov, forming associations

operant conditioning

B.F. Skinner, rewards and punishments

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