Genetics

Fossils, although technically they are not preserved in the earths crust; the minerals in the bones and pore spaces have been replaced by other harder minerals which take much longer to weather.

There are a number of different fossilization processes. See this link :
How are Fossils Formed?

chomosomes

As mitosis winds down and the chromosomes reach their opposite poles of the cell, the poles of the spindle apparatus pull at the cell, elongating it. This elongation signals the nuclear envelopes to reassemble and surround the two clumps of chromosomes. In animal cells, a furrow appears around the cell that pinches it into two. In plant cells, a cell plate forms in the middle as the cell wall divides it into two.

in mitosis telaphase makes the replica of the cell when the whole cell splits

poles

true

parthenogenesis