By observing how it reacts with other substances
The term describing the measure of gravitational force acting on a mass is "weight".
A brick may weigh 6 pounds on earth but the same brick will weigh only 1 pound on the moon. The mass is the same here or there, but the gravitational force on the moon is only one sixth of the gravitational force on earth.
temperature
Which term describes how much space a substance occupies?
volume
Not sure how that question relates to the one initially asked, but the answer to 'How is measurement of weight different from measurement of mass?' is weight includes the force of gravity.
Weight Includes The Force Of Gravity (A+)Weight is the measurement of the force of gravity in relation to mass, while mass is the measurement of matter in an object.
Yes, density is a physical property.