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Chemistry

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Katheryn Barrows

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Cards in this guide (11)
What is a superconductor

A material is said to be a superconductor if when it is brought down to a critical low temperature it loses its resistivity completely.

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A superconductor is a material that has zero electrical resistance at certain temperatures. For example, in a ring of superconducting material, if you induce a current to flow in a circle, it will continue flowing for ever. So far, it has only been possible to create superconductors at cryogenic (i.e., "supercold") temperatures.

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Superconductivity is a property of a substance at a given temperature, not of a substance at any temperature.

Superconductors are things that have no electrical resistance when they are at low enough temperatures, typically close to absolute zero i.e. 0 Kelvin or about -273 degrees C.

There are also 'high-temperature' superconductors that operate at about 70 degrees K (-203 degrees C).

We haven't yet found a substance that works as a superconductor at room temperature there is a lot of research on-going. The aim is to try to find metal alloys or other substances that will behave as superconductors at temperatures which are much closer to room temperature than to absolute zero i.e. 0 Kelvin or about -273 degrees C.


A conductor that allows electricity to flow easily ~APEX

What is a lone pair

A lone pair is elements in a chemical reaction that are not used in the reaction.

Which out of the two following molecules is trigonal planar shape NF3 or PCL3

Neither.

Due to the lone pairs on the N and P atoms, both molecules have a trigonal pyramidal shape.

How is the oxidation state of a transition metal determined from the chemical formula

The subscript of the second ion identifies the oxidation state of the transition metal

What would cause the shape of a molecule to be tetrahedral

Four atoms bound to a central atom with no lone pairs

What makes atoms spread out around a central atom

the shared valence electron pairs repel each other.

Why are prefixes not used in naming ionic compounds

two ions can combine in only one combination

How many total electrons can the p orbitals hold

Six in p orbital, in each sublevel of p (px, py, pz) there are two electrons at max.

What is the best definition of polar covalent bond

A bond in which electrons are unevenly shared between atoms

What is the correct name for MgBr2

Magnesium bromide

How does a lone pair contribute to the molecular shape

The lone pair repels the electrons of the adjacent bonds more so than does a bonding pair of electrons, so thus alters the molecular geometry of the molecule.

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