Chemistry

The total kinetic energy of the particles in a system

the study of the movement of energy and heat.

or

Thermodynamics is the branch of physics concerned with the conversion of different energy forms.

•DeltaG (rxn) = DeltaG (pdts) - DeltaDG (rcts) •DeltaG°(rxn) = -R T ln K •

If you add the exact mass of the protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom you do not get the exact atomic mass of the isotope. The diference is called the mass defect. The difference between the mass of the atomic nucleus and the sum of the masses of the particles within the nucleus is known as the mass defect.

Plasma

if H and S have the same sign the temperature will determine spontaneity

Reactions that increase the moles of gas will increase in entropy.

It tells if the reaction will process spontaneously or not

the rate would be four times larger. apex

its nucleus is unstable

4.5 × 1015 J