Earth Sciences

Lighting is the atmospheric discharge of electricity. This electricity is the result of static charges that build up after being generated for reasons that are not clearly understood. Note that any simple action resulting in friction, like pulling plastic wrap off a roll or shuffling across a rug on a dry day, will generate static charges. Moving air can separate charges, and ice is thought to be involved, but the mechanism is not completely explained by science.

When charges are separated, an electrical force appears between them. This force is voltage, the electromotive force. As more charges separate, voltage builds, and at some point, this voltage will be so great that it will ionize air between the charges. Current will flow along this ionized path, and this is lightning. Moving electrons carry the current. The ionized air is superheated, and it emits an intense light. The light we see is the lightning, and the superheating of the air creates a shock wave we perceive as thunder. The bolt can pass from ground to cloud, from cloud to ground, or from cloud to cloud. Links can be found below for more information.

Lightning is a natural phenomenon of electrostatic discharge breakdown that occurs when static electricity builds up between thunderclouds or between the cloud and the earth.

If the difference in electrical potential between two points is more than 100 million volts,

it produces a plasma during discharge, causing an explosive expansion of air by heat. By dissipating, this plasma creates a flash of light and thunder.

ast means to know about the planets

As waves approach the shore, interaction with the sea floor slows the waves down and the crests of the waves bunch up. They increase in height as the energy in each wave compresses into a shorter horizontal distance, but the period of the wave does not change. Eventually, the waves break.

A comet usually has two tails, though only one - the vapor trail - is commonly seen from earth (the other is a gas trail). It is made of vapor blown off from the comet by the solar wind - it is mostly water vapor, but contains many other molecular substances, too - ammonia, cyanide, methane, etc.

A skateboard rolling across the street A hockey puck sliding across the ice

fusion

Corona

cumulus

red shifted

fusion

Pressure caused by high temperatures are balanced by gravity

The amount of water in a cup does not change.

When we divide the mass of a substance by its volume we get its density.

A meteorite.

Most of them.

compass magnets can be deflected by earths magnetic field or other permanent magnets

Many scientists think, several believe, and others conjecture,

that it was the force of gravity.

Nebula, white dwarf, red giant, black hole

All of our Solar Systems gas giants have more moons than the terrestrial planets.

Jupiter (63), Saturn (62), Uranus (27) and Neptune (13).

Warm air is displaced by cooler denser air

An explosion from outside the nebula

all of the above

light from the they orbit makes it difficult to locate extrasolar planets with telescope

venus :)