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☆☆☆☆☆a species can gradually change into new species
sex cells
fossils are preserved animals or plants. but index fossils are fossils have wide distribution,many of them,evolves rapidly, and very easy to recognize.
Ammonites are index fossils.
The fossils were made only in a certain short time period.
There must be genetic variation in the population
The system must not be in hardy-weinberg equilibrium.
resources must be limited in the ecosystem
Vestigial structures do not harm the organism. Nature selects against only harmful traits.
It tells you when the animal that made a fossil was alive.
Radio carbon dating proves scientifically the age of a given material. If a fossil is found embedded in material that is x number of years old and a similar fossil is found x number of years older or younger then we can surmise the evolution of that species. There are thousands of examples of theoretical evolution using this method.
It allows divergence to occur
It allows populations to become genetically different.
When there is low gene flow
When there is no selective pressure
When there is a bottleneck
Natural selection occurs when four conditions are met:
1. There is variation among individuals.
2. That variation is at least partially heritable.
3. That variation is linked to differential reproductive success.
4. More individuals are born than can survive and reproduce.
Random processes are not part of the theory of evolution by natural selection.
large males
An adaptive zone is an environment which allows the development of adaptive radiation.
directional selection and disruptive selection both decrease genetic variation - apex
salmon before kangaroos
Apex is Mergus serrator and Mergus merganser.
