The protruding eyes associated with Graves' Disease hyperthyroidism is called Exophthalmos.
exophthalmos
No, moving a body part anteriorly is called protraction. Retraction refers to moving a body part posteriorly.
The point where the coxal bones join anteriorly is called the pubic symphysis. It is a cartilaginous joint that allows for slight movement of the pelvis, especially during activities such as walking or childbirth.
Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) is a condition in which your thyroid glandproduces too much of the hormone thyroxine. Hyperthyroidism can accelerate your body's metabolism significantly. It causes what is called Grave's Disease.
A protruding chin is commonly referred to as a "strong" or "pointed" chin. It can also be described as a "prominent" or "undershot" chin.
Hyperthyroidism
A surface that is slightly raised is called "elevated" or "protruding."
An open compound fracture.
a hernea
It is called a compound or open fracture.
Compound Fracture
Grave's Disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis are two that I know of. Grave's tends to have a steady stream of hyperthyroid symptoms while in Hashimoto's tyroiditis it might start out hyperthyroid and as the antibodies attack it will eventually dwindle down to hypothyroidism. Somtimes there will be bursts of hyperthyroid behavior as the thryoid gland is destroyed by antibodies in Hashimoto's thryoiditis.