The division of the autonomic nervous system that arises from spinal nerves T1 to L3 is the sympathetic division. This division is responsible for controlling involuntary body functions.
Sympathetic.
The sympathetic nervous system arises from spinal nerves T1 through L3. It is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate, dilating the pupils, and releasing adrenaline in times of stress or danger.
The brachial plexus is formed by the spinal nerves C5-T1, while the lumbosacral plexus is formed by the spinal nerves L1-S4. These plexuses are networks of nerves that supply motor and sensory innervation to the upper and lower limbs, respectively.
The brachial plexus primarily comprises the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 to T1, but there are several nerves that are not part of it. Notably, the intercostal nerves, which arise from the thoracic spinal nerves (T1 to T11), and the phrenic nerve, which originates from C3 to C5, are not included in the brachial plexus. Additionally, the cranial nerves, such as the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X), also do not belong to this plexus.
plexuses
T1-12. These nerves enter from the thoracic or chest vertebrae.
The brachial plexus contains fibers from the ventral rami of the cervical spinal nerves (C5-C8) and the first thoracic spinal nerve (T1). These fibers combine to form the nerves that innervate the upper limb.
The thoracic spinal nerves (T1-T12) do not form plexuses like the cervical, brachial, lumbar, and sacral nerves. Instead, each thoracic spinal nerve tends to go directly to the tissues it supplies without forming complex networks.
The correct sequence of nerves that exit the spinal cord from superior to inferior are cervical (C1-C8), thoracic (T1-T12), lumbar (L1-L5), sacral (S1-S5), and coccygeal (Co1).
The phrenic nerve is not a part of the brachial plexus. It originates from the cervical spinal nerves (C3-C5) and is primarily responsible for innervating the diaphragm, facilitating respiration. In contrast, the brachial plexus is a network of nerves that supplies the upper limb, formed from the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 to T1.
At the C7-T1 level, when it is stated that the spinal canal and neuroforamina are patent, it means that these structures are open and unobstructed. The spinal canal houses the spinal cord, while the neuroforamina are openings where spinal nerves exit the vertebral column. Patency indicates that there are no significant blockages, lesions, or abnormalities that could compress or interfere with the spinal cord or nerve roots. This is a positive finding, suggesting normal anatomical conditions in that region.
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves that exit the vertebral column: 8 cervical (C1-C8), 12 thoracic (T1-T12), 5 lumbar (L1-L5), 5 sacral (S1-S5), and 1 coccygeal (Co).