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The walls of blood vessels are adapted for their functions through their varying structures. Arteries have thick, elastic walls that allow them to withstand and regulate high pressure from the heart's pumping. Veins have thinner walls and larger lumens, which facilitate the return of blood to the heart at lower pressure, aided by valves to prevent backflow. Capillaries have extremely thin walls, consisting of a single layer of endothelial cells, enabling efficient exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between blood and surrounding tissues.

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1mo ago

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