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Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a deadly disease and is caused by an infection with four of five viruses of the genus Ebolavirus. The virus causes hemorrhagic fever that could lead to death in a few days. EBOV is transmitted from wild animals to humans and from person to person through body fluids, blood, feces and vomit. The fatality rate after infection is as high as 90%. When the virus enters the human body, the immune system becomes activated and produces antibodies in response to neutralize it. However, if the immune system is unable to resist, the virus will spread, leading to impaired innate and adaptive immune responses and uncontrollable viral replication. The main causes of death are stroke, myocardial infarction, hypovolemic shock, or multiple organ failure.

There's no cure for Ebola, though researchers are working on it. The first vaccine against Ebola virus disease, Ervebo, was approved by the U.S. FDA in December 2019 and was supported by a study conducted during the largest outbreak in Africa. Beyond promising vaccine candidates, the U.S. FDA has currently approved two drug therapies for the treatment of Ebola virus. These two drugs block the virus from binding to cell receptors, thereby preventing its entry into the cell.

Ebola virus is likely to be latent in the human body for a long time, which will bring new challenges to the prevention and treatment of Ebola. The findings of the latest outbreak serve as a platform for further research efforts to better understand the mechanism of the virus, which is expected to reveal its mystery and avoid future EVD-related disasters.

Creative Biolabs provides related products and services to support EVD research.

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Ella Better

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