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Compare and contrast photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation is ATP synthesis driven by electron transfer to oxygen and photophosphorylation is ATP synthesis driven by light. Oxidative phosphorylation is the culmination of energy-yielding metabolism in aerobic organisms and photophosphorylation is the means by which photosynthetic organisms capture the energy of sunlight, the ultimate source of energy in the biosphere.
Which process is directly responsible for the synthesis of adenosine triphoate molecules?
The process responsible for the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules is called oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria of a cell. During oxidative phosphorylation, energy from the oxidation of nutrients is used to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP.
Why oxidative phosphorylation is a reversible reaction?
Oxidative phosphorylation is not typically considered a reversible reaction in the context of cellular respiration because it involves the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate. While some of the individual reactions within the process may be reversible under certain conditions, the overall process of oxidative phosphorylation is a unidirectional energy-producing pathway in which ATP is generated.
What is the direct energy source that drives ATP synthesis during respiratory oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells?
the proton-motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Is oxidative phosphorylation involved as a pathway with ATP?
Oxidative phosphorylation is involved as a pathway with ATP.Although the many forms of life on earth use a range of different nutrients, almost all carry out oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP, the molecule that supplies energy to metabolism. This pathway is probably so pervasive because it is a highly efficient way of releasing energy, compared to alternative fermentation processes such as anaerobic glycolysis.
What type of molecule is ATP synthetase?
ATP synthetase is an enzyme that is a type of molecular motor which facilitates the synthesis of ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate during oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.
Which organelle is the primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells?
The primary site of ATP synthesis in eukaryotic cells is the mitochondrion. Mitochondria generate ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP?
Protons cross the inner mitochondrial membrane during ATP synthesis in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. This movement of protons creates a gradient that is used to drive the production of ATP by ATP synthase.
Which reaction makes the most ATP?
The electron transport chain in cellular respiration generates the most ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This process uses energy released from the transfer of electrons along the chain to pump protons across a membrane, creating a proton gradient that drives the synthesis of ATP.
What is the enzyme in the mitochondria that helps in the synthesis of ATP?
It's either ATP synthase (if you are studying the end of the ETC part of respiration, where ADP is converted to ATP) through substrate-level phosphorylation or nucleoside-diphosphate kinase (if you are looking at the transfer of a P* from, say, GTP to ADP to make ATP and GDP) through oxidative phosphorylation.
Does chemiosmosis expend energy?
No, chemiosmosis does not expend energy. Instead, it utilizes the energy stored in the form of a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis in processes such as oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria or photosynthesis in chloroplasts.
It is possible to prepare vesicles from portions of the inner membrane of the mitochondrial components Which one what processes could still be carried on by this isolated inner membrane?
Yes, it is possible to prepare vesicles from portions of the inner membrane of mitochondria. These vesicles can still carry out processes such as oxidative phosphorylation, electron transport chain reactions, and ATP synthesis, as the inner membrane houses key proteins and complexes involved in these metabolic processes.
