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What is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome?
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a rare but serious skin condition caused by toxins released by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. It results in red, painful, and blistering skin that resembles a scald or burn. This condition is more common in infants and young children with immature immune systems.
What patient population is most susceptible to ssss?
Patients with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS, cancer, or undergoing chemotherapy, are most susceptible to Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS) due to their weakened ability to fight off infections. Additionally, newborns and young children are also at higher risk of developing SSSS.
What are the signs and complications of MRSA?
MRSA can cause skin infections like boils, carbuncles. Hair infections like folliculitis, lung infections like pneumonia. Patients present with high fever, malaise, red colored streaks on skin etc. Untreated infections can lead Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, necrotising folliculitis etc.
What causes scalded skin syndrome?
most common in newborns and other children under the age of five, scalded skin syndrome originates with a localized skin infection. A mild fever and/or an increase in the number of infection-fighting white blood cells may occur.
Could group b strep cause scalded skin syndrome?
No, Group B strep typically causes infections in newborns, pregnant women, and adults with weakened immune systems. Scalded skin syndrome is primarily caused by Staphylococcus aureus producing exfoliative toxins.
What is exfoliative toxin?
Exfoliative Toxins (ET's, ETA and ETB so far) are specific proteinic (30 kDa) serine proteases that hydrolyze desmosomal (connecting) proteins which bond the skin layers together. These are toxins created by Staphylococcus aureus (SA), that are the sole cause of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS). ETA and ETB do not seem to always appear together, with ETB appearing in Japan, and ETA in the US, Europe and Africa.SSSS, noted in the late 1800's (von Ritter's disease) but not associated with SA or toxins therefrom until the later part of the 20th century, produce injuries that are very hard to discriminate from chemical or thermal burns. Most prevalent in infants, then in the elderly, the effects are very much like burns as is the treatment for SSSS.
What diseases are caused by S. aureus?
(folliculitis ) are the most common. Toxic shock (TSS) and scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) are among the most serious. S. aureus can also cause: arthritis.(bacteremia ).(carbuncles).(cellulitis).(endocarditis ).(meningitis ).(osteomyelitis).
How can you tell if the milk is scalded without using a thermometer?
It has a skin like cover over the milk itself.
What is a barber itch?
A barber's itch is any of a number of rashes or skin eruptions in the moustache or beard, caused by fungal or staphylococcal infections or irritation from shaving.
Scalded skin syndrome?
DefinitionScalded skin syndrome is a skin infection in which the skin becomes damaged and sheds.Alternative NamesRitter disease; Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSS)Causes, incidence, and risk factorsScalded skin syndrome is caused by infection with certain strains of bacteria in the Staphylococcus family. During the infection, the staphylococci produce a poison that causes the skin damage. The damage creates blisters as if the skin were scalded.Scalded skin syndrome is found most commonly in infants and children under the age of 5.SymptomsBlistersFeverLarge areas of skin peel or fall away (exfoliation or desquamation)Painful skinRedness of the skin (erythema), which spreads to cover most of the bodySkin slips off with gentle pressure, leaving wet red areas (Nikolsky's sign)Signs and testsPositive Nikolsky's sign (skin slipping off when rubbed)Tests include:Complete blood count (CBC)Cultures of the skin and throatElectrolytetestSkin biopsy(done only in rare cases, such as when the skin condition may be due to a drug reaction known as toxic epidermal necrolysis or TEN)TreatmentIntravenousantibiotics for staphylococcus are given to help fight the infection. Because much fluid is lost through the open skin, it's important to get intravenous fluid to prevent dehydration.Moist compresses to the skin may improve comfort. You can apply an emollient to keep the skin moist. Healing begins about 10 days after treatment.Expectations (prognosis)The prognosis is usually excellent. A full recovery is expected.ComplicationsFluid regulation problems causing dehydration or electrolyte imbalancePoor temperature control (in young infants)Severe bloodstream infection (septicemia)Spread to deeper skin infection (cellulitis)Calling your health care providerCall your health care provider or go to the emergency room if you have symptoms of this disorder.PreventionThe disorder may not be preventable. Treating any staphylococcus infection quickly can help.ReferencesKorman NJ. Macular, papular, vesiculobullous, and pustular diseases. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 465.
Which bacteria cause toxic shock syndrome?
Yes, bacteria does cause Toxic Shock Syndrome by producing toxins that can overwhelm the immune system. Specifically the bacteria responsible for TSS are staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pyogenes.
What incubation period?
The incubation period is the time between when a disease enters your system (through the air, bodily contact or a cut in your skin for instance) and the time when you actually show symptoms of the disease.
