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Lack of iodine can cause a condition known as goiter. Goiter is a very visible swelling of the front of the neck. The thyroid gland is an organ that lies just under the skin on the front of the neck and it is the specific organ that swells.

The swelling occurs because the thyroid produces a hormone that requires iodine to function. If there is not enough iodine in the body to add some to this hormone molecule than the unfinished molecules become trapped in the thyroid gland: leading to the swelling.

If someone gets to the point where they have a noticeable goiter then , they likely also have a condition known hypothyroidism. This is the name given to insufficient completed thyroid hormone in the blood. This can cause fatigue, weight gain, depression, among many other issues.

These are the reasons most developed countries add iodine to table salt. It is a simple solution to solve a very preventable problem.

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