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There are three classifications of lactose intolerance. The two most common are environmentally induced, the third is a result of genetics.

1. Primary lactose intolerance. Environmentally induced when weaning a child in non-dairy consuming societies. This is found in many Asian and African cultures, where industrialized and commercial dairy products are uncommon.

2. Secondary lactose intolerance. Environmentally induced, resulting from certain gastrointestinal diseases, including exposure tointestinal parasites such as Giardia lamblia. In such cases the production of lactase may be permanently disrupted. A very common cause of temporary lactose intolerance is gastroenteritis, particularly when the gastroenteritis is caused by rotavirus. Another form of temporary lactose intolerance is lactose overload in infants.

3. Congenital lactase deficiency. A genetic disorder which prevents enzymatic production of lactase. Present at birth, and diagnosed in early infancy.

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