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What structure ensures a slow flow of the lymph nodes?
Lymph enters the lymph node through a series of afferent lymphatic vessels and exits the lymph node via efferent lymphatic vessels. There are more afferent lymphatic vessels than there are efferent lymphatic vessels, slowing down the flow. The reason the slow flow is desirable is that it allows time for lymphocytes and macrophages to carry out their protective functions of removing debris from lymph.
How does Lymph get into the bloddstream?
Lymph will work its way back to the bloodstream via small channels known as lymphatics
Is it true or false that Lymph arrives to the lymph nodes via efferent lymphatic vessels?
False
Does the lymph node system vessels form a continuous loop through body?
No, the system drains into the blood circulatory system via the left and right lymphatic ducts.
Which class of nutrients enters the body via the lymph?
lipids
How does fluid move through the lymph nodes?
Fluid moves through the lymph nodes via the lymphatic system, which collects interstitial fluid from tissues and transports it through lymphatic vessels. As lymph fluid enters the lymph nodes through afferent lymphatic vessels, it flows through a network of sinuses, allowing immune cells to monitor and respond to pathogens. After filtration and immune response, the fluid exits the lymph node through efferent lymphatic vessels, eventually returning to the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by the contraction of surrounding muscles and the one-way valves in lymphatic vessels.
How does the lymph get into the lymph vessels?
Lymph is a fluid. It flows through the lymphatic vessels by one way valves which allows lymph move way through lymphatic system. Subclavian suction, and skeletal muscle pumps help to propel the lymph through the lymphatic vessels.
How is lymphatic circulation maintained?
Lymphocytes leave and enter lymph node via high endothelial venules. Lymph flow is slow so you have the muscular pump from skeletal muscles and the respiratory pump... similar to venous blood flow.
What transport lymph in the body?
Lymph is transported in the body primarily through the lymphatic system, which consists of a network of lymphatic vessels that run parallel to the blood vessels. Lymph is collected from tissues and is carried through these vessels toward the lymph nodes, where it is filtered. The movement of lymph is facilitated by the contraction of surrounding muscles and the presence of one-way valves that prevent backflow. Ultimately, lymph is returned to the bloodstream via the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct.
How does Hodgkin's disease progress?
It usually begins in a lymph node and progresses slowly, in a fairly predictable way, spreading via the lymphatic vessels from one group of lymph nodes to the next. Sometimes it invades organs that are adjacent
Where does lymph return to the blood stream?
Lymph vessels carry the lymph fluid back to the circulaiton via the lymph nodes. The short parts of the vessels that connect hte lymph vessels to the ciculaiton are the lymphatic ducts (right lymphatic duct and thoracic duct)
Explain the immune response in a lymph nodes?
First the structure of a lymph node... we have the cortex, paracortex and the medulla. It is made mainly of recticular cells, then lymphocytes and macrophage. So you have APCs presenting the antigen which enter lymph node via HEV, basically post-capillary venous swelling made of simple cuboidal cells. These allows things in blood to enter the lymph node. Then after that you have the APC interacting with B cells in the cortex and the T helper cells in paracortex. Both B and T cells get stimulated. B cells can either stay in cortex to form secondary follicles / germinal center or migrate to medullary cord to become plasma cells and secrete antibodies. The function of germinal center is to increase antibody affinity, isotope change (change classes) and differentiation and proliferation.
