Urinary tract infections involve the parts of the body -- the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra -- that produce urine and carry it out of the body. Urinary tract infections often are classified into two types based on their location in the urinary tract:
Most cases of urinary tract infections occur in women. Of those that occur in men, relatively few affect younger men. In men older than 50, the prostate gland (a gland near the bottom of the bladder, close to the urethra) can enlarge and block the flow of urine from the bladder. This condition is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH. This condition can prevent the bladder from emptying completely, which increases the likelihood that bacteria will grow and trigger an infection. Cystitis is more common in men who practice anal intercourse and in those who are not circumcised. Other factors that increase the risk of urinary infections include an obstruction, such as that caused by a partial blockage of the urethra known as a stricture, and non-natural substances, such as rubber catheter tubes (as may be inserted to relieve a blockage in the urethra).
Symptoms
A urinary tract infection usually causes one or more of the following symptoms:
Diagnosis
Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and about any previous episodes of urinary tract infection. To fully assess your risk factors, your doctor may ask about your sexual history, including your history and your partner's history of sexually transmitted diseases, condom use, multiple partners and anal intercourse.
Your doctor will diagnose a urinary tract infection based on your symptoms and the results of a physical examination and laboratory tests of your urine. In a typical urinary tract infection, your doctor will see both white blood cells (infection-fighting cells) and bacteria when he or she examines your urine under a microscope. Your doctor probably will send your urine to a laboratory to identify the specific type of bacteria and specific antibiotics that can be used to eliminate the bacteria.
In men, a rectal examination will allow your doctor to assess the size and shape of the prostate gland. If you are a young man with no sign of an enlarged prostate, your doctor may order additional tests to search for a urinary tract abnormality that increases the likelihood of infection. This is because urinary tract infections are relatively rare in young men with normal urinary tracts. Additional tests may include intravenous pyelography or a computed tomography (CT) scan, which shows an outline of your urinary tract on X-rays; ultrasound; or cystoscopy, an examination that allows your doctor to inspect the inside of your bladder using a thin, hollow tubelike instrument.
Expected Duration
With proper treatment, most uncomplicated urinary tract infections begin to improve in one to two days.
Prevention
Most urinary tract infections in men cannot be prevented. Practicing safe sex by using condoms will help to prevent infections that are transmitted through sexual contact. In men with benign prostatic hypertrophy, cutting out caffeine and alcohol or taking certain prescription medications may help to improve urine flow and prevent the buildup of urine in the bladder, which increases the likelihood of infection.
Treatment
Doctors treat urinary tract infections with a variety of antibiotics. The results of laboratory tests on your urine can help your doctor pick the best antibiotic for your infection. In general, most uncomplicated lower tract infections will be eliminated completely by 7 to 10 days of treatment. Once you finish taking the antibiotics, your doctor may ask for a repeat urine sample to check that bacteria are gone. If an upper tract infection or infection of the prostate is diagnosed, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics for three weeks or longer.
Men with severe upper tract infections may require hospital treatment and antibiotics given through an intravenous catheter (in a vein). This is especially true when nausea, vomiting and fever increase the risk of dehydration and prevent the use of oral antibiotics.
If you are an older man with an enlarged prostate causing an obstruction in your urine flow, treatment options include medications or prostate surgery.
When To Call a Professional
Call your doctor whenever you have any of the symptoms of a urinary tract infection.
If you are approaching age 50, call your doctor if you notice any of the following: a decrease in the force of your urine stream, difficulty in beginning urination, dribbling after you urinate, or a feeling that your bladder isn't totally empty after you finish urinating. These could be symptoms of an enlarged prostate, a problem that can be treated effectively before it triggers a urinary tract infection.
Prognosis
Most urinary tract infections can be treated easily with antibiotics. In a man who has a urinary tract abnormality or an enlarged prostate, repeated urinary tract infections may occur as long as the underlying problem continues to interfere with the free flow of urine.
Trigonitis is inflammation of the urinary bladder at the trigone.
If it is urinary bladder, then the answer is Cystitis
Interstitial cystitis is the medical term meaning chronic inflammation within the wall of the bladder. This condition is more common in women, and its exact causes are unclear. An affected person may have urinary urgency and frequency, and often pain. The condition is very difficult to treat.
urethrocystitis is inflammation of the urethra and urinary bladder.
Cystitis is inflammation of the urinary bladder. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystitis
Potential causes of bleeding in the bladder infection include irritation of the bladder lining, inflammation of the bladder walls, or the presence of bladder stones.
Common causes of blood in urine, especially in relation to urinary tract infections (UTIs), include inflammation of the bladder or urethra, kidney stones, and infections in the urinary tract. UTIs can lead to irritation and damage to the urinary tract lining, resulting in blood in the urine.
Possible causes of blood in the urine of a diabetic cat may include urinary tract infections, bladder stones, kidney disease, or inflammation of the urinary tract. It is important to consult a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Bleeding in a urinary tract infection (UTI) can be caused by irritation and inflammation of the bladder or urethra, leading to small blood vessels breaking and blood being present in the urine. Other potential causes include kidney stones, urinary tract trauma, or a more serious underlying condition like bladder cancer.
When someone has a urinary tract infection (UTI), the infection can cause irritation and inflammation in the urinary tract, including the bladder and urethra. This irritation can lead to small blood vessels in the urinary tract breaking, resulting in blood mixing with the urine.
This condition is known as a urinary tract infection (UTI). It typically occurs when bacteria enter the urethra and multiply in the bladder. Symptoms may include frequent and painful urination, cloudy or bloody urine, and pelvic pain. Treatment usually involves antibiotics prescribed by a healthcare provider.
Pyuria is typically caused by an infection in the urinary tract, such as a bladder or kidney infection. Other possible causes include sexually transmitted infections, kidney stones, or inflammation in the urinary tract. Rarely, pyuria can be a sign of a more serious condition such as tuberculosis.