Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers.
In the Parasympathetic division, the preganglionic axons leave the ventral roots of the spinal cord and collectively form the pelvic splanchnic nerves.
The pelvic splanchnic nerve contains parasympathetic fibers that regulate the function of pelvic organs, such as the bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs. These fibers are involved in controlling processes like urination, defecation, and sexual function.
Parasympathetic fibres arise from S2,S3,S4. Carry preganglionic parasympathetic and visceral afferent fibres from pelvic and genital organs.
The bladder is innervated by the parasympathetic fibers of the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4) which stimulate contraction of the detrusor muscle. The internal urethral sphincter is innervated by sympathetic fibers from the hypogastric nerve, which cause it to contract and prevent urine leakage.
The autonomic nervous system nerve serving the thoracic region is the thoracic splanchnic nerve. It helps regulate functions in the abdominal and pelvic regions.
The large intestine is primarily innervated by the autonomic nervous system, specifically the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) for the proximal part, and by the pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4) for the distal part. The vagus nerve supplies the cecum, ascending colon, and part of the transverse colon, while the pelvic splanchnic nerves innervate the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. Additionally, sensory fibers from the inferior mesenteric ganglion contribute to the innervation.
Splanchnic nerve
The vagus nerve is one of the twelve cranial nerves.
Sympathetic fibers that originate from the spinal cord levels T5-L2 form the splanchnic nerves. These fibers pass through the sympathetic chain ganglia without synapsing and project to the abdominal and pelvic viscera to regulate their functions.
The bladder receives motor innervation from both sympathetic fibers, most of which arise from the hypogastric plexuses and nerves, and parasympathetic fibers, which come from the pelvic splanchnic nerves and the inferior hypogastric plexus. Ahmed Urbizo
The CPT code for a splanchnic nerve block is typically 64450. This code is used for the injection of anesthetic agents into the splanchnic nerves, primarily for pain management in abdominal conditions. It's essential to verify the specific details and context, as coding can vary based on the patient's situation and the specifics of the procedure performed.
The pudendal nerve (part of the somatic nervous system, voluntary control) innervates the pelvic floor. It also innervates the external urethral sphincter; the internal urethral sphincter is innervated by the pelvic nerve (part of the parasympathetic nervous system, involuntary control).
Your kidneys control the water and electrolytes in the blood.It does not require direct brain input and will function with either transplant kidneys without innervation or in Paraplegics.The kidneys are innervated by the Vagus nerve and the splanchnic nerves as well as the pelvic nerve. These nerves seem to provide some additional regulation.The Vagus nerve originates in the Medulla Oblongata. As far as I can tell, the splanchnic nerve originates in the splanchnic ganglion, but I'm having troubles finding where else it goes.