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The parasympathetic nerves originate in the brainstem and the sacral region of the spinal cord.
cervical spinal nerves, thoracic spinal nerves, lumbar spinal nerves, sacral spinal nerves
sacrum...Now if you're looking for the sacral region of the spinal cord it originates from upper portions on lumbar vertebrae and extends via cauda equina to exit as it did emryologically
The cervical spinal nerves form the cervical plexus, the brachial spinal nerves form the brachial plexus, the lumbar and sacral spinal nerves form the lumbosacral plexus, and the sacral spinal nerves form the sacral plexus.
The face is not included in typical dermatome distribution because the cranial nerves innervate the face instead of spinal nerves. The cranial nerves, specifically the trigeminal nerve (CN V), provide sensory innervation to the face.
The parasympathetic division is also called the craniosacral division because it arises from te brain and sacral region of the spinal cord; its fibers travel in certain cranial and sacral nerves. The parasympathetic division is also called the craniosacral division because it arises from te brain and sacral region of the spinal cord; its fibers travel in certain cranial and sacral nerves.
The cauda equina is composed of spinal nerve roots that extend from the lower part of the spinal cord in the lumbar and sacral regions. These nerve roots continue down the spinal canal before branching off to innervate the lower extremities and pelvic organs.
The network of spinal nerves that supplies the pelvis and legs is known as the lumbosacral plexus. It is formed by the lower lumbar and sacral spinal nerves and gives rise to various nerves that innervate the lower extremities, including the sciatic nerve, femoral nerve, and obturator nerve. These nerves play a crucial role in motor and sensory functions of the pelvis and legs.
The Sacral Hiatus
The lumbar plexus contains nerve fibers that innervate the leg, and the sacral plexus contains nerve fibers that innervate the foot. The lumbar plexus arises from the lower spinal cord levels, while the sacral plexus arises from the sacral spinal cord levels.
The majority of parasympathetic fibers are found in the cranial nerves (specifically the oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus nerves) and in the sacral spinal cord (S2-S4). These fibers innervate various organs such as the heart, lungs, and digestive system, promoting rest and digestion.
Spinal nerves exiting the spinal canal between L4 and S4 collectively make up the sacral plexus.