The organ responsible for closing off the trachea when you swallow is the epiglottis. It is a thin, flexible structure located at the base of the tongue that helps to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway and instead directs them toward the esophagus.
The epiglottis is a flap of tissue in the throat that prevents food and liquids from entering the airway when swallowing. It also helps direct food and liquids into the esophagus, guiding them away from the trachea to prevent choking or aspiration.
Your epiglottis folds down to block the entrance to your windpipe when you swallow food or liquids. This action helps prevent them from entering your respiratory system and instead directs them towards your esophagus for digestion in the stomach.
If you mean choking/suffocation so the reason is simple. In order for the food we eat to go to the trachea instead to the esophagus, there is a cartilage tissue called the epiglottis. Its job is to block the trachea while swallowing. That is the reason we don't breath in the same time we actually swallow. When the epiglottis fails doing its job and the trachea remains open while swallowing, substances can enter the trachea (and they are definitely not welcomed there) and block it which eventually leads to the coughing you mentioned. It can happens basically if we eat very fast, or talk while eating.
It can block your intestines.
The epiglottis moves downards to block the trachea during swallowing.
A block hour is the time from the moment the aircraft door closes at departure until the moment the aircraft door opens at the arrival gate following its landing.
the Pizza hut down the end of the block only closes Christmas Day
The larynx is situated just above the trachea which are tubes which carry air and oxygen to the lungs. Inflammation causes swelling of the tissues which can block the entrance to the trachea and air entry to the lungs
The Valve is the piece that actually moves in and out, or "opens and closes" - the part of the block that the valve rests on is called the valve seat.
lungs
The cilia are always moving, bacteria or particles of dust trapped in the mucus are moved away by cilia. The cilia waft the mucus containing bacteria and dust up to the back of the throat, so that it doesn't block up the trachea and thus keeps it clean.