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Osteoblasts (from the Greek words for "bone" and "germ" or embryonic) are mononucleate cells that are responsible for bone formation; in essence, osteoblasts are specialized fibroblasts that in addition to fibroblastic products, express bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin.[1]
Osteoblasts produce a matrix of osteoid, which is composed mainly of Type I collagen. Osteoblasts are also responsible for mineralization of this matrix. Zinc, copper and sodium are some of the minerals required in this process. Bone is a dynamic tissue that is constantly being reshaped by osteoblasts, which are in charge of production of matrix and mineral, and osteoclasts, which break down the tissue. The number of osteoblasts tends to decrease with age, affecting the balance of formation and resorption in the bone tissue,[2] and potentially leading toosteoporosis.
Osteoblasts arise from osteoprogenitor cells located in the deeper layer of periosteum and the bone marrow. Osteoprogenitors are immature progenitor cells that express the master regulatory transcription factor Cbfa1/Runx2.
Osteoprogenitors are induced to differentiate under the influence of growth factors, in particular the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs).[3] Aside from BMPs, other growth factors including fibroblast growth factor (FGF),[3] platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) may promote the division of osteoprogenitors and potentially increase osteogenesis.
Once osteoprogenitors start to differentiate into osteoblasts, they begin to express a range of genetic markers including Osterix, Col1,[4] BSP, M-CSF, ALP,[5]osteocalcin,[4] osteopontin, and osteonectin. Although the term osteoblast implies an immature cell type, osteoblasts are in fact the mature bone cells entirely responsible for generating bone tissue in animals and humans.
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What is the primary function of osteoclasts?
The primary function of osteoclasts is to break down and resorb bone tissue, allowing for bone remodeling and turnover. They help regulate calcium levels in the body and play a role in bone repair and growth.
What function performed by osteoclasts would be prevalent in individuals with osteoporosis?
build and maintain bone
What is responsible for sculpting bones?
Several cells have this function: the osteoclasts which break down bone and the osteoblasts which build bone.
Osteoclasts in bone tissue have what effect?
Osteoclasts cut away the calcium from the bones.
What does Osteoclasts do?
Osteoclasts degrade bone surfaces so that osteoblasts can produce new bone Also Osteoclasts realese calcium and phosphorus into the blood stream
Why do osteoclasts have multi nuclei?
Osteoclasts have multiple nuclei because they are formed through the fusion of mononuclear precursor cells. The multiple nuclei aid in the efficient degradation of bone tissue by increasing the cell's capacity for protein synthesis and secretion of enzymes required for bone resorption. This multinucleation allows osteoclasts to form seal zones and ruffled borders necessary for their bone resorption function.
The remodeling of bone is a function of which cells?
Bone remodeling is primarily carried out by two types of cells: osteoblasts, which build new bone tissue, and osteoclasts, which break down old or damaged bone tissue. These cells work in a coordinated manner to maintain the balance between bone formation and resorption in order to keep the skeletal system healthy and strong.
What is lined with osteoclasts?
Periosteum
What bone cells brake bones down?
Osteoclasts are large cells that break down bone tissue
The cells responsible for the re-absorption of bone are?
Osteoclasts are responsible for the break down bone. Osteoclasts release minerals that result in a transfer of calcium from bone fluids to the blood stream which is the re-absorption process.
What cells produced by fusion of monocytes?
The fusion of monocytes gives rise to multinucleated cells known as osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are responsible for breaking down bone tissue during bone remodeling and resorption processes.
Since osteoclasts remodel bone they are probably responsible for creating?
osteoclasts break down bones, osteoblasts build them up
