The concentration of urea is high in urine because urea is a waste product produced by the liver when it breaks down proteins. The kidneys then filter urea from the blood and excrete it in urine to maintain the body's nitrogen balance.
urea
urea
(amino acid (grams)/ 6.25)-(UUNg (urine urea nitrogen) +4g)
The Hepatic Portal Vein
Serum Urea level 2.5 -7.8 mmol/L
During reabsoption most of the water exits the nephron and enters the interstitial fluid. This increases the concentration of ions such as potassium in the nephron. In the collecting duct (at the very end) very little water is left and the concentration of potassium, sodium, etc ions rises (including urea). This is why urine is acidic.
To calculate the grams of urea in 50 ml of urine where 1.8% is urea, first convert the ml to grams using the density of urine (about 1 g/ml). Then, multiply the volume of urine in grams by the percentage of urea (0.018) to find the grams of urea present in 50 ml of urine.
Urea is an endogenous product of protein and aminoacid catabolism, and consequently 20-35 g of urea is excreted daily in human urine in avolume of about 1 - 1.5 litres.
Urea and Water.
Urea concentration is higher in urine than in the filtrate because the kidneys reabsorb water and certain solutes during the filtration process. As the filtrate passes through the renal tubules, water is reabsorbed, concentrating the remaining solutes, including urea. Additionally, urea is actively secreted from the blood into the tubular fluid, further increasing its concentration in the final urine. This process helps regulate nitrogen waste excretion while conserving water.
Urea is the main nitrogenous waste in urine. It is an organic compound that is essential for metabolism in humans because it allows the kidneys to produce hyperosmotic urine.