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If a second stimulus arrives before the relaxation phase has ended a second more powerful contraction occurs this is called what?
In fact it is not treppe it is wave summation. 4th year bio med! I KNOW MY STUFF!!
A muscle is stimulated and exhibits a contraction twitch Before this twitch is over it is stimulated again and a second twitch occurs piggyback on the first one and causes a higher contraction?
summation
A twitch is in response to a single action potential?
Generally not as there are many parallel fibres that are part of the same circuit and some sort of coordination between the fibres are needed before a muscle twitch can be detected. This is either temporal or spatial summation.
What is second stimulus before relaxation causes increased force called?
The phenomenon you are referring to is called the second stimulus before relaxation, which causes increased force, is known as the treppe effect or the staircase phenomenon. This is characterized by the successive increase in muscle contraction force when muscle fibers are stimulated with increasing frequency.
What is the difference between wave summation and recruitment?
Wave summation releases more calcium and increases the force of contraction by increasing the firing rate of motor neurons (The second contraction takes place before the first is completely at rest) so each stimulation adds up. This is all within ONE MUSCLE FIBER. Recruitment is the calling up multiple MOTOR UNITS, in order to increase the force of contraction. t has a size principle (those with small diameters, the more delicate ones are called first, then the larger and so on.) There is no added calcium ions as in wave summation. They usually occur together. wave summation can cause tetanus, while recruitment cannot.
Why is it only possible to induce an extrasystole during relaxation?
It is only possible to induce an extrasystole during relaxation because the heart needs to be in a certain phase of the cardiac cycle for an extra beat to occur. During relaxation (diastole), the heart muscles are more excitable, making it easier for an extra electrical impulse to trigger a premature contraction. This is why inducing an extrasystole during relaxation is more likely to succeed than during contraction (systole).
What causes wave summation?
Wave summation occurs when a muscle undergoes rapid stimulation before it has fully relaxed, causing subsequent twitches to combine and result in a more forceful contraction. This is caused by an accumulation of calcium ions within the muscle fiber, which enhances the cross-bridge cycling process and leads to greater tension development.
How does the frequency of stimulation affect the amount of force generated by the muscle?
Increasing the stimulus to an isolated muscle increases the strength of a contraction. A muscle begins to contract when the stimulus is given; however, if the muscle does not finish contracting before the next stimulus hits, then the force of the contraction will increase to finish the contraction. This is known as wave summation.
A sentence using the word summation?
a summation is the final argument of an attorney before a judge closes a case here is a sentence the attorney made a summation and the victim got money for his robbed house
What is a summation?
the concluding part of an argument before a court of law.
How is wave summation achieved in vivo?
simply: Wave summation occurs when a second stimulus is applied before relaxation occurs completely. In depth: In order for a muscle to contract electrical shock or nerve impulse must cause voltage-sensitive tubule proteins (T-tubules) of sarcoplasmic reticulum to change shape and allow Ca2+ into cytosol. Ca2+ binds to troponin (changing its shape) allowing myosin (makes thick filaments) to attach to actin ( makes thin filaments). Myosin pulls itself along actin via ATP hydrolysis, this is called a cross bridge cycle, basically shortening of muscle. Before the contraction stops, another stimulus is sent to the muscle allowing more Ca2+ into the cytosol which keeps allowing cross bridge cycle. wave summation means the contractions are added together. thus increasing the force of the second stimuli. force will increase until the muscle reaches its threshold.
What is the definition of summation?
the final arguments of opposing attorneys before a case goes to the jury.
