For stage IV patients, or those that are treated and then develop recurrence at distant sites, chemotherapy or immunotherapy is planned.
Patients with metastatic melanoma who do not respond well to other therapies may be candidates for treatment with aldesleukin.
Some patients, such as those with IIb or stage III melanoma, are at high risk for the development of recurrence after treatment.
It is important to get treatment for malignant melanoma. Without treatment, the cancer will go deeper into the skin and spread throughout the body, eventually leading to death.
Radiation therapy is typically used for malignant melanoma patients in later stages of the disease (stage III or IV). It may be used to shrink tumors, relieve symptoms, or treat specific areas of metastasis.
Almost all patients survive stage Ia malignant melanoma, and the suvivorship for stage I overall is more than 90%.
In an effort to decrease the rate of relapse, adjuvant therapy may be considered.
A positive family history of one or two first-degree relatives having had melanoma substantially increases the risk on a genetic basis. A family tendency is observed in 8% to 12% of patients.
Malignant melanoma also affects non-Caucasians--though sun exposure probably does not play a role--at a rate of 10% that of Caucasians.
Although these patients are clinically free of disease after undergoing primary treatment, they are more likely to have some microscopic disease in the body that studies have not yet been able to identify.
For those with familial tendencies for malignant melanoma, genetic counseling may be appropriate. Psychological counseling may be appropriate for anyone having trouble coping with a potentially fatal disease.
For those with familial tendencies for malignant melanoma, genetic counseling may be appropriate. Psychological counseling may be appropriate for anyone having trouble coping with a potentially fatal disease.
The key to successful treatment is early diagnosis. Patients identified with localized, thin, small lesions (typified by superficial spreading subtype) nearly always survive.