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To auscultate for a ventricular septal defect (VSD), place the stethoscope over the left sternal border, specifically in the third or fourth intercostal space. This area is where the characteristic holosystolic (or pansystolic) murmur associated with VSD is best heard. The murmur results from turbulent blood flow as blood shunts from the left ventricle to the right ventricle through the defect. Additionally, you may also hear a diastolic murmur if there is significant left-to-right shunting.

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1w ago

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