IX
The cranial nerve that carries only motor information is the hypoglossal nerve, also known as cranial nerve XII. It is responsible for controlling the muscles of the tongue, which are essential for speech and swallowing. Unlike other cranial nerves, the hypoglossal nerve does not carry sensory information.
olfactory
sensory nerve
The sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles are controlled by the accessory cranial nerve. Some call it cranial nerve XI.
The Optical nerver or the Second Cranial nerve controls and relays information absorbed through the rods and cones of the eye. Eye movements (eye muscles), however, are controlled by several other cranial nerves including the Oculomotor, Abducens, and Trochlear nerves.
Optic nerve
vagus nerve
The trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) is a mixed cranial nerve that contains both sensory and motor fibers. It is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing. The sensory component detects touch, pain, and temperature from the face, while the motor component innervates the muscles of mastication. Other mixed cranial nerves include the facial nerve (VII), glossopharyngeal nerve (IX), and vagus nerve (X).
The spinal accessory nerve, or cranial nerve XI (eleven), is a purely motor nerve which innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles. The sternocleidomastoid muscles are used to turn the head. The Accessory nerve also provides somatic motor fibers to muscles of the soft palate, pharynx, and larynx (spinal and medullary fibers respectively.)
The cranial nerves that are attached to the medulla oblongata are the glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal nerves. The glossopharyngeal nerve is the ninth cranial nerve that causes the tongue, throat, and parotid gland to function properly. The vagus nerve is the tenth cranial nerve which helps with motor production, mainly regarding the process of voice production. The accessory nerve is the eleventh cranial muscle whose only function is motor function, mainly regarding the trapezius and sternocledomastoid muscles. Lastly, the hypoglossal nerve is the twelfth cranial nerve which helps in the proper functioning of the muscles under the tongue.
The smallest cranial nerve that provides motor impulses to the superior oblique muscle is the trochlear nerve, also known as cranial nerve IV. It is responsible for innervating the superior oblique muscle, which plays a crucial role in the movement of the eye, specifically in depression and intorsion. The trochlear nerve is unique as it is the only cranial nerve that emerges from the dorsal aspect of the brainstem.
The trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV) is the only cranial nerve that emerges from the posterior aspect of the brainstem and decussates, forming a chiasmal pattern. It is responsible for the motor function of the superior oblique muscle of the eye.