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In lupus, as in all other autoimmune diseases, the immune system does not attack itself. Rather, the immune system is confused and attacks health parts of the self such as organs and joints. The exact cause of these diseases is not known. Researchers have identified some genes that are responsible. But even if a person has a genetic predisposition to autoimmunity, it may never develop. Triggers are also involved. Cigarette smoke, the Epstein Barr virus, and sunlight are known triggers in lupus, although others are suspected.

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