Fasciola is a blood sucking parasite, it sucks 0.5ml blood/fluke/day. During sucking it removes plasma proteins, albumin. This results in fluid balance disturbance. Normally there is a balance between intravascular space and extravascular space. However, when albumin are lost from intravascular space by effect of fasciola, it will become less concentrated where as the fluid content become high. The fluid content become lower in extravascular space or interstitial tissues as compared to intravascular. Therefore, fluid move from intravascularspace to interstitial tissues. Due to gravity oedema occur in the ventral or mandibular area.
Heart failure patients
it is causative agent of fascioliasis is called a liver fluke or also known as a flat worm.
Patients with pulmonary edema may undergo phlebotomy procedures to decrease their total blood volume.
submandibular gland (one of the salivary glands)
Edema is not a direct condition of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but individuals with ALS may experience edema as a secondary issue due to factors like immobility or difficulty swallowing. ALS primarily affects motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy, which can contribute to fluid retention in some patients. Managing edema in ALS patients typically involves addressing the underlying causes and providing supportive care.
The submandibular ganglion sends postganglionic fibers to the sublingual and submandibular salivary glands.
Though it does not occur in all patients (5% to 20%, depending on the extremity and extent of the dissection), it can be a disabling symptom.
Edema in bedridden patients occurs primarily due to prolonged immobility, which can lead to poor circulation and fluid retention. When a person is unable to move, gravitational forces can cause fluid to accumulate in the lower extremities, especially when lying down. Additionally, the lack of muscle activity impairs the lymphatic and venous systems' ability to return fluid to the bloodstream, exacerbating swelling. Other factors, such as dietary issues or underlying medical conditions, can also contribute to the development of edema in these patients.
Edema is swelling of an extremity or area of the body. A degenerative end plate may be an area that shows up on an x-ray showing breakdown of bone. A physician will need to evaluate and treat.
Submandibular comes from sub (below), mandibul (lower jaw) and -ar (suffix meaning pertaining to). The word means beneath the mandible or lower jaw.
Edema means collection of fluid in the tissues. Edema is fluid accumulation in tissues which is common in patients with renal disorders, congestive heart failure and patients with preeclampsia. Edema is an accumulation of interstitial fluid, or fluid between cells in the tissue.
Submandibular adenitis refers to the inflammation of the lymph nodes underneath the mandible. These are commonly referred to as the salivary glands.