neurotransmitters are how signals move from neuron to neuron
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Here are a few:
Glutamate is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, especially in CNS; involved in memory and learning. Too much leads to neuron death and autism, lack of leads to tiredness.
Serotonin is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that affects sleep, mood, appetite; lack of it is linked with depression and/or anxiety.
Acetylcholine is an excitatory neurotransmitter that triggers muscle contraction and affects learning and memory, autonomic functions; deficiency leads to Alzheimer's.
Dopamine is an excitatory neurotransmitter that influences voluntary movement, attention, alertness; lack of linked with Parkinson's disease; too much is linked with schizophrenia.
GABA has a normally Inhibitory effect on CNS, affects moods; lack of linked with anxiety.They have to be the right amount to produce the right results since too little and too much both cause problems. It would be like too much salt or too little salt on potato chips.