Testosterone and estradiol have different functional groups attached to the same carbon skeleton.
Testosterone is a male sex hormone, while estradiol is a female sex hormone. Testosterone is responsible for male characteristics like muscle mass and facial hair, while estradiol plays a role in regulating the menstrual cycle and maintaining pregnancy. Structurally, testosterone has a ketone group in the C3 position, while estradiol has a hydroxyl group in the C3 position.
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Prostaglandins are also called paracrines. Prostaglandins are not hormones, but autocrines or paracrines, which are locally acting messenger molecules. They differ from hormones in that they are not produced at a discrete site but in many places throughout the human body.
Human and animal testosterone are similar in structure and function, as they both belong to the same class of hormones called androgens. However, there are variations in their levels, effects, and the ways they interact with receptors in different species. While testosterone plays a critical role in various physiological processes across species, the specific effects and regulatory mechanisms can differ significantly between humans and animals.
These both house and generate the most fundamental reproductive processes, eggs and sperm. In the embryo, the testes descend from a position similar to the ovaries, to their final pendulous position. This is easily seen from the path of the spermatic duct. In humans, about week 4 of growth the gonads differentiate into male and female, and at this stage, they are close to the kidneys.
differ from what?
Males have testes that produce testosterone. Women have ovaries that produce estrogen and progesterone. Both men and women produce testosterone and estrogen. The reasoning is not known why yet.
ADP have two phosphate molecules and ATP have three phosphate molecules in it.
act locally instead of at a distance
compounds differ because of differences in attractions between their molecules.
Compounds differ because of differences in attractions between their molecules.
Compounds differ because of differences in attractions between their molecules.