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Hormones that belong to the category of peptide hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, typically require G proteins to activate enzymes inside a cell. When these hormones bind to their specific receptors on the cell membrane, they activate G proteins, which then trigger a cascade of intracellular signaling pathways. This process often involves the activation of second messengers like cyclic AMP (cAMP) or inositol trisphosphate (IP3), leading to various physiological responses.

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