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What area of the nephron is the site of hydrogen ion excretion?
The distal convoluted tubule is the primary site of hydrogen ion excretion in the nephron. It plays a key role in maintaining acid-base balance by secreting excess hydrogen ions into the tubular fluid for excretion in the urine.
What is the effect of hypoalbuminemia?
Hypoalbuminemia can result in kidney or liver failure. It can also cause lowered oncotic pressure and swelling throughout the body.
What is the hormone that kidneys will secrete to stimulate red blood cell production?
Erythropoetin from the mesangial cells of the glomerulus in the nephron of the kidney. These cells detect altered levels of oxygen in the blood plasma.
Increased secretion of aldosterone would result in a .... blood ph....?
Decreased blood pH. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to increased hydrogen ion secretion as a compensatory mechanism to maintain electrolyte balance. This can result in acidosis, leading to a lower blood pH.
Which condition is the result of crystallization of salts in the urine?
kidney stones
Does excess aldosterone secretion cause dehydration?
Excess aldosterone secretion can lead to dehydration indirectly. Aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys, which in turn increases water retention. However, if there is an excessive loss of potassium and an imbalance in electrolytes, it can disrupt normal fluid balance and potentially lead to dehydration. Additionally, conditions associated with excess aldosterone, such as primary hyperaldosteronism, can result in increased urine output, further contributing to dehydration.
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone and as a result it will bind to a receptor that?
Aldosterone binds to mineralocorticoid receptors, which are located in the cytoplasm of target cells. Upon binding, the aldosterone-receptor complex translocates to the nucleus where it acts as a transcription factor to regulate the expression of specific genes involved in electrolyte balance and blood pressure regulation.
What is the one location in the nephron where water is NOT absorbed?
The one location in the nephron where water is not absorbed is the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. This segment is impermeable to water, allowing for the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions while preventing water from following. As a result, the fluid becomes more diluted as it moves through this part of the nephron.
How does aldosterone affect the concentration of potassium in urine?
Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys. When aldosterone levels are elevated, it stimulates the renal tubular cells to increase the secretion of potassium into the urine, leading to a higher concentration of potassium in urine. This mechanism helps maintain electrolyte balance and regulate blood pressure. Consequently, increased aldosterone levels can result in decreased serum potassium levels, a condition known as hypokalemia.
If a tumor of the glucocorticoid-secreting cells of the adrenal cortex crowds out the cells that produce aldosterone what is the likely effect on urine composition and volume?
The tumor would cause increased secretion of glucocorticoids and decreased aldosterone production, leading to increased sodium and water retention in the kidneys. This would result in increased urine volume and decreased urine concentration, leading to dilute urine with low sodium levels.
Is a result and an effect the same?
No. The effect is what happens as a result of something . For instance if you run a stop sign (result) the effect can be an accident. Think cause and effect.
What can kidney problems result from?
Some kidney problems are the result of another disease process, such as diabetes or hypertension.
