Britain's trade deficit
China's trade policy
China's trade surplus
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The Peninsular Wars, when France led by Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain and Portugal.
The Chinese government called on Britain to stop trading drugs when they outlawed opium. Britain would not cooperate, nor would it stop trading drugs. This led to the Opium War of 1839.
Great Britain would not stop its merchants from selling opium in China.
China launched a government-led program to industrialize its military and economy.
The Peninsular Wars, when France led by Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain and Portugal.
The British needed Chinese goods, primarily tea, but the Chinese didn't need anything from the British. That would leave a trade deficit on the British side, so they got the Chinese nation addicted to opium (unprocessed heroin) which they produced in India. When the Chinese emperor tried to ban opium, the Chinese people rebelled against him, backed by the British, which led to Opium wars.
The Peninsular Wars, when France led by Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Spain and Portugal.
(Apex) China launched a government-led program to industrialize its military and economy.
In the 1700's Great Britain began smuggling opium illegally into china.
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The British empire, the largest drug dealer in the history of the world, beat the Chinese in two opium wars and gained the right to sell opium in more Chinese cities...the British could not colonize the Chinese and understood that making them into drug addicts may work this led to a three year conflict with Brittan and china. the war lasted from 839 to 1842. China was defeated humiliatingly.