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Classical nuclear progesterone receptor (nPR) exists as two main protein isoforms (types of protein from a single gene) PR-A and PR-B. Progesterone is a steroid hormone allowing diffusion through the lipid membrane of mammalian cells. Therefore nPR-A and B are located in the cytoplasm. They move to the nucleus after ligand (progesterone) binding to control gene expression. Literature also exists to suggest that progesterone receptors exist at the cell surface, both alternative isoforms of nPR and structurally unrelated mPR proteins from a different gene.
What else can I help you with?
What are important tissue receptor tumor markers?
Important tissue receptor tumor markers include estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer; epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) in lung cancer; and the androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer. These markers help guide treatment decisions and predict response to targeted therapies.
In mastectomy procedurethe specimen has been harvested for estrogen and progesterone receptor studies in what solution you must put the specimen?
The specimen should be placed in formalin solution after harvesting to preserve the tissue for estrogen and progesterone receptor studies. Formalin fixation helps to maintain the structure and integrity of the tissue for subsequent analysis.
What would happen if a hormone receptor did not bind to the right site?
I'm assuming you're asking what would happen if a receptor did not bind the proper hormone. The answer is a complex one because binding to a receptor does not necessarily mean that the receptor will be activated. Sometimes binding causes receptor inhibition; other times it can mean that the properties of the receptor change so that other hormones have an easier/harder time binding and activating it. But for the sake of giving an answer, let's say that we want to know what happens if a hormone binds and activates the wrong receptor. That answer is a relatively simple one: in most cases, the same events would take place that normally happen when the correct hormone binds the receptor. Let's take an example of a relatively uncommon cause of hypertension called hypertension exacerbated in pregnancy. In this condition, there's a mutation in the receptor for the hormone aldosterone that allows other hormones besides aldosterone (eg, progesterone) to bind it and activate it. When progesterone levels are high, as in pregnancy, the extra progesterone binds and heavily activates the aldosterone receptor, and the receptor essentially "thinks" that aldosterone has bound. So the action of progesterone at the aldosterone receptor are the same as aldosterone itself; since aldosterone is a major contributor to blood pressure, blood pressure increases to very high levels.
Where are the receptor cells for touch located?
skin
Where are the receptor sights located for kinesthetic sense?
It depends on what the receptor cells are for. If they are for vision, they are located in the retina of the eye. If they are for hearing, they are located in the organ of Corti, and so on and so forth.
What is double negatives?
I believe if means ER-, PR-, and Her2+ Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and the orphan receptor Her2/Neu. So it means that both of the hormone receptors (ER and PR) are not expressed by the tumor, but that other known markers, like Her2 are expressed. Expressing (being positive) is a good thing because it gives the clinicians something to target.
Where are receptor neurons for smell located?
high in each nostril
What is sensorys receptor for smell?
The sensory receptor for smell is called the olfactory receptor. These receptors are located in the olfactory epithelium in the upper part of the nasal cavity and are responsible for detecting and transmitting odors to the brain for interpretation.
Are auditory receptor cells located in the anvil?
No, auditory receptor cells are not located in the anvil. Auditory receptor cells are located in the inner ear, specifically in the cochlea, where they are responsible for converting sound waves into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain for processing. The anvil, also known as the incus, is one of the three tiny bones in the middle ear that help transmit sound from the outer ear to the inner ear.
What is Double-Negative Breast Cancer?
I believe if means ER-, PR-, and Her2+ Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and the orphan receptor Her2/Neu. So it means that both of the hormone receptors (ER and PR) are not expressed by the tumor, but that other known markers, like Her2 are expressed. Expressing (being positive) is a good thing because it gives the clinicians something to target.
How is double negative breast cancer treated?
I believe if means ER-, PR-, and Her2+ Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, and the orphan receptor Her2/Neu. So it means that both of the hormone receptors (ER and PR) are not expressed by the tumor, but that other known markers, like Her2 are expressed. Expressing (being positive) is a good thing because it gives the clinicians something to target.
What are the receptor sites for Leptin and Insulin?
are located in the same areas of the hypothalamus.
