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What has the author Peter Shier written?
Peter Shier has written: 'Characterization of the gene encoding the insulin receptor-related receptor, IRR : a putative receptor for a member of the insulin family'
What does the acronym INSR stand for?
INSR is the acronym for Insulin Receptor. The insulin receptor watches over the action of insulin. INSR also stands for Insert, Input Shift Register and Integrated Nucleus of Sphygmomanometry Research.
State one way that the shape of the insulin receptor is related to its role in cell communication?
The shape of the insulin receptor allows it to bind specifically to insulin molecules, initiating a signaling cascade within the cell. This specificity ensures that only insulin can activate the receptor, regulating glucose uptake and metabolism in response to changes in insulin levels.
Which type of membrane protein attaches to specific hormones such as insulin?
The type of membrane protein that attaches to specific hormones such as insulin is a receptor protein. Receptor proteins are specialized proteins located on the cell membrane that recognize and bind to specific molecules such as hormones, triggering a cellular response. In the case of insulin, its receptor protein on the cell membrane binds to insulin, leading to cellular uptake of glucose and other metabolic responses.
Growth factor hormones such as insulin bind to which type of receptor?
tyrosine kinase receptor!!
What is a insulin receptor?
An insulin receptor is a transmembrane protein found on the surface of cells that binds insulin, a hormone that regulates glucose metabolism. Upon binding insulin, the receptor undergoes a conformational change that activates intracellular signaling pathways, promoting glucose uptake by cells and influencing various metabolic processes. This interaction is crucial for maintaining normal blood sugar levels and overall metabolic health. Dysregulation of insulin receptors can lead to conditions like insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
What are holes in the surface of the dendrites or certain cells of the muscles and glands that are shaped to fit only certain neurotransmitters?
Neurotransmitter receptor sites on ligand-gated ion pores.
Is insulin cross blood brain barrier?
Insulin does crosses the blood brain barrier. Insulin crosses the blood brain barrier through the process of receptor-mediated transcytosis.
What receptor sites does opiates lock into?
endorphins
How do substances work by altering the ways cells function?
Like the receptors for other protein hormones, the receptor for insulin is embedded in the plasma membrane. The insulin receptor is composed of two alpha subunits and two beta subunits linked by disulfide bonds. The alpha chains are entirely extracellular and house insulin binding domains, while the linked beta chains penetrate through the plasma membrane. The insulin receptor is a tyrosine kinase. In other words, it functions as an enzyme that transfers phosphate groups from ATP to tyrosine residues on intracellular target proteins. Binding of insulin to the alpha subunits causes the beta subunits to phosphorylate themselves (autophosphorylation), thus activating the catalytic activity of the receptor. The activated receptor then phosphorylates a number of intracellular proteins, which in turn alters their activity, thereby generating a biological response. Several intracellular proteins have been identified as phosphorylation substrates for the insulin receptor, the best-studied of which is insulin receptor substrate 1 or IRS-1. When IRS-1 is activated by phosphorylation, a lot of things happen. Among other things, IRS-1 serves as a type of docking center for recruitment and activation of other enzymes that ultimately mediate insulin's effects. from yo mama
What hormones regulate appetite?
Appetite is primarily regulated by hormones such as ghrelin, leptin, and insulin. Ghrelin, produced in the stomach, stimulates hunger, while leptin, produced by adipose (fat) tissue, signals satiety and helps reduce appetite. Insulin, released by the pancreas in response to food intake, also plays a role in signaling fullness. Together, these hormones help maintain energy balance and body weight.
Where is Leptin Secreted?
Leptin is a protein that is secreted from adipose (fat) cells. It acts on receptors in the Central Nervous System and other sites to induce energy expenditure and inhibit food intake (Margetic et al. 2002).
