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Phenylephrine is an alpha one adrenergic receptor agonist. The radial muscles of the iris are innervated by neurons with alpha one receptors thus it causes dilation when stimulated. However the ciliary body of the eye (which controls accommodation) is controlled by muscarinic 3 cholinergic receptors. That pathway for accommodation remains unaffected while the iris is dilated so you will not get cycloplegia.

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