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During the initial westward expansion (into the early 19th century), from the eastern seaboard over the eastern mountains into Kentucky, Tennessee, and the Ohio Country, people walked and some used wagons drawn by horses, mules or oxen.

Then, during the first half of the 19th century, as canals were built and the expansion westward reached land where the rivers also flowed westward, waterborne transportation became important, still supplemented by wagons and walking. This was the era of the canalboat, flatboat and keelboat, as well as of the steamboat.

In the second half of the 19th century and for expansion west of the Mississippi, walking, wagons, and water (to a lesser extent) were the primary means of transportation until the railroads began to be built out. During the later 19th century, rail became the primary mode of transportation over longer distances.

During the first half of the 20th century, automobiles (and trucks) began to supplement rail and eventually took over as the primary mode of transportation. In the second half of the 20th century, airplanes became an important element in transportation of both people and goods.

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15y ago

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