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Yes, he did. Although the names of a person's descendants change, the name of their ancestors do not. In Bible prophecies a nation is not called by it's current name because that changes, but instead is called by the name of its ancestor or founder.
For example, despite being known as 'Persia' for thousands of years, in 1935 its name was changed to 'Iran', but it is still the same country. This means Bible prophecies applicable to today referring to 'Persia' actually mean 'Iran' today.
Abraham's eldest son was Ishmael:-
Gen 25:12 The Sons of Ishmael
This is the account of Abraham's son Ishmael,1whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah's servant, bore to Abraham.
Gen 25:13 These are the names of Ishmael's sons, ... Nebaioth (Ishmael's firstborn), Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam,
Gen 25:14 Mishma, Dumah, Massa,
Gen 25:15 Hadad, Tema, Jetur, Naphish, and Kedemah.
Gen 25:16 These are the sons of Ishmael, ...- twelve princes according to their clans.
These 12 tribes are known as 'Ishmaelites' because they are descendants of Ishmael. They are basically the Arabs of today. (NB Persians are not Arabs!)
Abraham's younger son was Isaac he had two sons: Jacob(aka Israel) and Esau.
Abraham's grandson was Esau. He married one of his cousins, so she was an Ishmaelite.
Gen 28:9So Esau went to Ishmael and married Mahalath, the sister of Nebaioth and daughter of Abraham's son Ishmael, along with the wives he already had.
'Esau' is also known in The Bible as 'Edom' :-
Gen 36:1The Descendants of Esau
What follows is the account of Esau (also known as Edom).
Esau's descendants are known as Edomites.
When the Romans conquered the land of Edom they called it 'Idumea', and appointed Herod as a vassal king. Herod was not a jew: he was an Idumean or Edomite, and was an enemy of the jews.
So, Abraham's non-Jewish and non-christian descendants are variously known as the Ishmaelites, Edomites, and Idumeans.
According to Muslim tradition Muhammad was an Ishmaelite descended from the tribe of Kedar, but there is no proof of that [see Halabieh I, page 36]. What is known is that Muhammad's forebears and followers are anti-semitic, that is, anti-jewish and anti-christian.
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Yes. Abraham had Jewish descendants (Israelites, from Jacob), as well as non-Jewish descendants.
Abraham had eight sons (Genesis ch.25) and at least twenty-one grandsons (ibid); there may be additional grandsons (through Keturah) whose names are not recorded.
The Israelites (later called Jews) descended from Jacob.
All of Abraham's other grandsons produced non-Jewish descendants.
God foretold this, when He said that Abraham would be the ancestor of many nations (Genesis ch.17).
See also:
The Ishmael descendants chart provides information about the lineage and family tree of Ishmael, the son of Abraham in the Bible. It includes details about his descendants, their relationships, and their place in history.
Because God spoke to him and offered him the eternal covenant. This was in the nature of a contract between Abraham and his descendants, and God. If Abraham agreed to trust God, and leave his home, and go searching for the 'promised land', and if he agreed also to remain faithful to the one true God of Israel, then in return God would bless all of his descendants and make them the founders of 'great nations'. Abraham was a Hebrew, and the founder of Judaism.
The Jews are descendants of the Forefathers, Abraham Isaac and Jacob, who themselves are from the older Hebrews, progeny of Shem, son of Noah.
Abraham because his son Isaac is another patriarch of Judaism but his other son Ishmael's descendants became the Arabs.
The Arab people and tribes are descendents of Abraham, not all Muslims are decedents of Ishmael, only the Arab people are the descendants of Ishmael who was one of the sons of Abraham, the other being Isaac. Ishmael is also known as the father of Arabs.