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Certainly. Arab Muslims launched their conquest of the Christian Byzantine Empire in the Middle East (Levant, Anatolia, and Egypt) in the 630s and 640s CE. War between the Seljuk Turks against the Byzantines continued until the 1000s CE. Then Christians from Europe began to invade the Levant from Turkish and Arab Muslim control in the 1100s in several successive Crusades. Christians finally gave up true political control of the Middle East after World War II, when Britain and France withdrew their mandatory (colonial) authorities.

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