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Many of the causes were the same as those that helped spark the American and French Revolutions. Colonists chafed at the political power of colonial officials, the lack of representation, and the inability to shape their own institutions. Their subordinate position as suppliers of raw materials and consumers of goods manufactured in Europe stirred economic unrest, for colonists saw themselves as victims of high prices and state-supported monopolies. The same Enlightenment reasoning that affected the American and French Revolutions influenced Latin American radicals. The final event that triggered Latin American revolutions was Napoleon's invasion of Spain and Portugal. Students should briefly discuss the dislocation of authority and control resulting from those invasions as being the final impetus toward a new revolutionary era.

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