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The typical peasant house was a cottage of one or two rooms, usually 15 feet or so in width, and of varying length. In some cases a structure for housing animals was connected directly to the house, in other cases there would have been separate byres or pens for animals within a barnyard complex of various outbuildings and utility structures.

Please keep in mind this is a generalization. Some areas such as viking settlements or anglo-norse areas had larger longhouses that were communal for larger numbers of people. Also, not all peasants were of the same wealth. A small number managed to gain control of enough land to generate a significant agricultural surplus, and thus considerable comfort compared to their neighbors. Such peasants would have had more elaborate houses, possibly even adding a second story after fireplaces came into use in the 12th century, or upper solar adjacent to the main hall of the house.

Urban housing patterns were different as well. The working poor in medieval towns and cities would have dwelled in a tenement, meaning a multipurpose building of several stories that may have included workshop, living, and even warehouse space. The upper classes would have had a house with workshop or business area on the first floor and several floors of living space. The poor shared houses, or rented a floor, garret, or even a single chamber withing a larger structure.

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