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Harriet Tubman assisted the efforts of the Union during the Civil War by becoming an integral member of the Underground Railroad. After her own escape from slavery, Tubman returned to the land of her enslavement to assist family members in escaping their own enslavement. Harriet Tubman completed thirteen rescue missions, saving some 70 slaves from the region where she was formerly enslaved. In 1858, abolitionist John Brown enlisted Tubman to help him recruit former slaves for a raid on Harper's Ferry. Her extensive knowledge of support networks in the Northeast was invaluable to Brown. Her knowledge also proved invaluable to Union officials when the Civil War broke out. Harriet Tubman felt that a Union win was key in the effort to end slavery, and soon became an established figure in the camps around Port Royal, South Carolina assisting the fugitives and serving as a nurse. Shortly after the Emancipation Proclamation, Tubman began leading a band of scouts around the Port Royal area. Her group mapped the territory and provided key intelligence that led to the capture of Jacksonville, Florida. Later that year, Harriet Tubman became the first woman to lead an armed assault in the Combahee River Raid. She continued working for the Union for two more years, until the South surrendered in 1865.

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