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Mikhail Gorbachev differed from previous Soviet leaders primarily through his introduction of policies aimed at reforming the Soviet system, notably Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring). Unlike his predecessors, he promoted greater transparency in government and encouraged public discussion, which significantly loosened state control over the media and civil society. Gorbachev also sought to reduce tensions with the West, culminating in arms reduction agreements and the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, marking a departure from the confrontational stance maintained by earlier leaders. His approach ultimately led to profound changes in the Soviet Union and contributed to its eventual dissolution.

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