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It was actually a dust and smoke cloud in both of the bombs dropped over Japan in the last days of the war. The cloud contains three main classes of material: the remains of the weapon and its fission products, the material acquired from the ground (for burst altitudes below the fallout-free altitude, which depends on the weapon yield), and water vapor. The bulk of radiation contained in the cloud consists of the nuclear fission products; neutron activation isotopes from the weapon materials, air, and the ground debris are only a minor fraction.

In Honkawa Elementary School in 2013 a picture of the Hiroshima atom bomb cloud, believed to have been taken about 30 min after detonation was found. But in Nagasaki, the only pictures were taken moments after the blast was done. Witness said that the cloud lasted until night time.

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